Ðe Mawu Tsɔ Ðe Le Eme Na Nyɔnuwo Vavã?
“Nyɔnue wɔ nu vɔ̃ gbã, eye le eya taa, ele be mí katã míaku.”—ECCLESIASTICUS, ƑE ALAFA EVELIA DO ŊGƆ NA MÍA ŊƆLI (D.M.Ŋ.).
“Dziwòe abosam to: wòe tre ati si ŋu wode se ɖo la ɖuɖu: wòe nye ame gbãtɔ si da le Mawu ƒe se dzi . . . Wòe na ame si Mawu wɔ ɖe eƒe nɔnɔme me la wɔ nu vɔ̃.”—TERTULLIAN, ON THE APPAREL OF WOMEN, ƑE ALAFA EVELIA MÍA ŊƆLI (M.Ŋ.).
MENYE Biblia mee blemanya mawo tso o. Gake ƒe alafawo va yi si amewo nɔ te ɖe nya mawo dzi gblɔ be ele be yewoate nyɔnuwo ɖe anyi. Egbea gɔ̃ hã, zazɛ̃nyahela aɖewo nɔa te ɖe subɔsubɔgbalẽwo me nyawo dzi tea nyɔnuwo ɖe anyi hegblɔna be woawo gbɔe amegbetɔƒomea ƒe fukpekpewo tso. Nyateƒee wònye be Mawu ɖoe be ŋutsuwo nado vlo nyɔnuwo ahate wo ɖe anyia? Nya kae Biblia gblɔ? Na míakpɔe ɖa.
Ðe Mawu ƒo fi de nyɔnuwoa?
Ao. Ke boŋ “da xoxo la, si woyɔna be Abosam” lae Mawu ‘ƒo fi de.’ (Nyaɖeɖefia 12:9; 1 Mose 3:14) Esi Mawu gblɔ be Adam “anye gã” ɖe srɔ̃a dzi la, mefia be Mawu ƒe didie wònye be ŋutsu nate nyɔnu ɖe anyi o. (1 Mose 3:16) Nu vɔ̃ si atsu kple asi gbãtɔ wɔ la me tsonu wɔnublanuiwo ko gblɔmee Mawu nɔ ɖi.
Eya ta menye Mawu ƒe lɔlɔ̃nue wònye be woate nyɔnuwo ɖe anyi o, ke boŋ amegbetɔ nu vɔ̃ mewo ƒe nuwɔna me tsonue. Biblia meda asi ɖe nukpɔsusu si nye be ele be woate nyɔnuwo ɖe anyi atsɔ alé avu ɖe nu vɔ̃ gbãtɔ nu la dzi o.—Romatɔwo 5:12.
Ðe Mawu wɔ ŋutsuwo wonyo wu nyɔnuwoa?
Ao. Wogblɔ le 1 Mose 1:27 be: “Mawu wɔ ame ɖe ye ŋutɔ ƒe nɔnɔme, Mawu ƒe nɔnɔme nue wòwɔe ɖo; ŋutsu kple nyɔnu wòwɔ.” Eya ta tso esime Mawu wɔ ŋutsu kple nyɔnu le gɔmedzedzea me la, ena ŋutete wo ame evea siaa be woaɖe yeƒe nɔnɔmewo afia. Togbɔ be wo ame evea ƒe wɔwɔme to vovo le ŋutilã kple seselelãme gome hã la, dɔ ɖekae Mawu de wo si, eye gomenɔamesi ɖekae nɔ wo si le wo Wɔlaa gbɔ.—1 Mose 1:28-31.
Hafi Mawu nawɔ Xawa la, egblɔ be: “Mawɔ kpeɖeŋutɔ, si asɔ ɖe [Adam ŋu] la nɛ.” (1 Mose 2:18) Ðe nya ‘sɔ ɖe eŋu’ fia be ŋutsua nyo wu nyɔnua? Ao, elabena woagate ŋu aɖe Hebrigbe me nya sia gɔme be “evelia” alo “kpeɖeŋutɔ na ŋutsu.” Bu ale si amekola kple eƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ si dea ame alɔ̃ me la wɔa dɔ aduadui la ŋu kpɔ. Ðe ame ɖeka ate ŋu awɔ dɔa nɔvia manɔmeea? Asesẽ ŋutɔ! Togbɔ be amekola lae koa dɔnɔa hã la, ɖe wòfia be ele vevie wu ame kemɛa? Kpao. Nenema kee Mawu wɔ ŋutsu kple nyɔnu be woawɔ nu aduadu kple wo nɔewo ke menye be woanɔ ho ʋlim kple wo nɔewo o.—1 Mose 2:24.
Nu kae fia be Mawu tsɔ ɖe le eme na nyɔnuwo?
Esi wònye Mawu kpɔ ale si ŋutsu nu vɔ̃ mewo ava wɔ nu ɖe nyɔnuwo ŋu do ŋgɔ ta la, ewɔ ɖoɖo ɖe ale si woakpɔ wo tae ŋu. Esi agbalẽŋlɔla Laure Aynard nɔ nu ƒom tso Mose ƒe Se si woɖo anyi le ƒe alafa 16 lia D.M.Ŋ. ŋu la, egblɔ le eƒe agbalẽ si nye La Bible au féminin (Biblia De Nyɔnuwo Dzi) me be: “Ne woƒo nu tso nyɔnuwo ŋu le Se ƒe nubablaa me la, zi geɖe la ekuna ɖe wo ta kpɔkpɔ ŋu.”
Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Se la bia tso ame si be wòade bubu kple asixɔxɔ fofoa kple dadaa ŋu. (2 Mose 20:12; 21:15, 17) Sea bia hã be woagawɔ nu manyomanyo ɖe funɔwo ŋu o. (2 Mose 21:22) Ale si Mawu ƒe se mawo kpɔ nyɔnuwo tae la ɖe dzesi ŋutɔ fifia gɔ̃ hã ne míetsɔe sɔ kple ale si wotea nyɔnuwo ɖe anyi le dukɔ geɖewo me egbea. Gake mese ɖe afi ma o.
Se Si Ðe Ale Si Mawu Bua Nyɔnuwoe Fia
Se siwo Yehowa Mawu de na Israel dukɔa la ɖe vi na ŋutsuwo kple nyɔnuwo siaa le ŋutilã, agbenɔnɔ kple mawusubɔsubɔ gome. Zi ale si woɖo to hewɔ wo dzi la, wonyea “gã ɖe anyigba dzi dukɔwo katã nu.” (5 Mose 28:1, 2) Gome kae nɔ nyɔnuwo si le Sea te? Bu nya siawo ŋu kpɔ.
1. Ablɔɖe nɔ wo si. To vovo na nyɔnu siwo nɔ dukɔ bubuwo me le blema la, ablɔɖe geɖe nɔ Israel nyɔnuwo ya si. Togbɔ be ŋutsuae nye ƒomea ƒe ta hã la, eɖoa dzi ɖe srɔ̃anyɔnua ŋu be ate ŋu ‘abu tame le agble ŋu aƒlee,’ eye ‘wòade waingble’ hã. Ne enya Lododowo 31:11, 16-19) Le Mose ƒe Sea te la, wobu nyɔnuwo hã be wonye ame siwo si gomenɔamesiwo le, ke menye ame siwo le tsɛ wu ŋutsuwo o.
ɖetitetre alo avɔlɔlɔ̃ la, ke ate ŋu aɖo eya ŋutɔ ƒe dɔwɔƒe gɔ̃ hã. (Le blema Israel la, mɔnukpɔkpɔ su nyɔnuwo si be woanɔ ƒomedodo me kple Mawu. Biblia gblɔ tso Xana ŋu be, edo gbe ɖa tso eya ŋutɔ ƒe nya aɖe ŋu na Mawu, eye wòɖe adzɔgbe si ŋu ame aɖeke menya nu tsoe o. (1 Samuel 1:11, 24-28) Nyɔnu aɖe si nɔ Sunem la yia nyagblɔɖila Elisa gbɔ le Sabat ŋkekewo dzi. (2 Fiawo 4:22-25) Mawu na nyɔnuwo, abe Debora kple Xulda ene, nye eteƒenɔlawo. Ŋutsu ŋkutatɔwo kple nunɔlawo gɔ̃ hã lɔ̃ faa be yewoaxɔ aɖaŋuɖoɖo tso wo gbɔ.—Ʋɔnudrɔ̃lawo 4:4-8; 2 Fiawo 22:14-16, 20.
2. Woxɔa hehe. Esi nyɔnuwo hã le Se ƒe nubablaa me ta la, wonɔa eteƒe ne wole Sea xlẽm na dukɔa, eye esia na mɔnukpɔkpɔ wo be woasrɔ̃ nu. (5 Mose 31:12; Nexemiya 8:2, 8) Wonaa hehe wo be woakpɔ gome le tadeaguwɔna aɖewo hã me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, nyɔnu aɖewo “subɔna” le avɔgbadɔa nu, eye bubuwo hã nɔa hadziha si me ŋutsuwo kple nyɔnuwo siaa le la me.—2 Mose 38:8; 1 Kronika 25:5, 6.
Nyɔnu geɖe srɔ̃ asinudɔ siwo woate ŋu atsɔ awɔ dɔ si ahe ga vae. (Lododowo 31:24) Le dukɔ siwo nɔ anyi ɣemaɣi me la, vifofowo koe fiaa nu viŋutsuwo, gake le Israel la, vidadawo hã naa hehe wo viŋutsuwo tso woƒe ɖevime va se ɖe esime wotsi. (Lododowo 31:1) Edze ƒãa be menye ame maxɔhehewoe blema Israel nyɔnuwo nye o.
3. Wodea bubu wo ŋu. Wogblɔ le Se Ewoawo me tẽe be: “Bu fofowò kple dawò.” (2 Mose 20:12) Nunyala Fia Salomo gblɔ le eƒe lododoawo dometɔ ɖeka me be: “Vinye, se fofowò ƒe amehehe, eye megagblẽ dawò ƒe nufiame ɖi o.”—Lododowo 1:8.
3 Mose 18:6, 9; 5 Mose 22:25, 26) Ele be srɔ̃ŋutsu nyui nabu srɔ̃a ƒe ŋutete kple ale si nɔnɔmeawo trɔna nɛ le dzɔdzɔme nu hã ŋu.—3 Mose 18:19.
Mɔfiame geɖewo le Sea me ku ɖe ale si wòle be ame siwo menye srɔ̃tɔwo o nawɔ nu ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu la ŋu, si wɔnɛ be wodea bubu nyɔnuwo ŋu. (4. Wokpɔ woƒe gomenɔamesiwo ta. Yehowa gblɔ tso eɖokui ŋu le eƒe Nya la me be yenye “tsyɔ̃eviwo fofo kple ʋɔnudrɔ̃la na ahosiwo.” Ne míagblɔe bubui la, eyae nye Ame si kpɔa ame siwo si fofo alo srɔ̃ŋutsu mele, be wòakpɔ woƒe gomenɔamesiwo ta o, la ta. (Psalmo 68:6; 5 Mose 10:17, 18) Eya ta esi nyagblɔɖila aɖe si megava li o la srɔ̃ nyi fe, eye fetɔa di be yeatee ɖe anyi la, Yehowa to nukumɔ aɖe dzi xɔ nɛ bene agbea nanya nɔ nɛ, eye bubu nakpɔtɔ anɔ eŋu.—2 Fiawo 4:1-7.
Hafi Israel viwo nayi Ŋugbedodonyigbaa dzi la, Zelofxad, si nye ƒome aɖe ƒe ta, si si viŋutsu menɔ o, la ku. Eya ta vianyɔnu atɔ̃awo bia tso Mose si be wòana “anyigba” yewo le Ŋugbedodonyigba la dzi. Yehowa na nu si wobia la wo wògbɔ edzi gɔ̃ hã. Egblɔ na Mose be: “Na domenyinu wo ɖe wo fofo nɔviwo dome, eye nàna wo fofo ƒe domenyinu nayi ɖe wo si me.” Tso ekema dzi la, Israel nyɔnuwo tea ŋu nyia wo fofowo ƒe dome, eye domenyinu la yina na woawo ŋutɔwo ƒe viwo.—4 Mose 27:1-8.
Wotrɔ Gbo Ale Si Mawu Bua Nyɔnuwoe
Le Mose ƒe Sea te la, wokpɔ egbɔ be bubu nɔ nyɔnuwo ŋu, eye wode bubu woƒe gomenɔamesiwo hã ŋu. Ke hã, tso ƒe alafa enelia D.M.Ŋ. me la, Helatɔwo ƒe kɔnyinyiwo, siwo me wobua nyɔnuwo ame tsɛwoe le la, va nɔ gegem ɖe Yuda-subɔsubɔ me.—Kpɔ aɖaka si nye “Nazãbubu Ðe Nyɔnuwo Ŋu Le Blemanuŋlɔɖiwo Me.”
Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Hela hakpanyaŋlɔla Hesiod (enɔ agbe le ƒe alafa enyilia D.M.Ŋ.) bu fɔ nyɔnuwo ɖe ameƒomea ƒe kuxiwo katã ta. Egblɔ le eƒe agbalẽ si nye Theogony me be “nyɔnuwo nye ameƒomevi kple to vɔ̃ɖi aɖe me tɔ siwo le ŋutsuwo dome be yewoanɔ fu ɖem na wo atraɖii.” Nukpɔsusu ma va xɔ aƒe ɖe Yuda-subɔsubɔ me le ƒe alafa evelia D.M.Ŋ. ƒe gɔmedzedze. Talmud, si nye subɔsubɔgbalẽ si woŋlɔ le ƒe alafa evelia M.Ŋ. me la xlɔ̃ nu ŋutsuwo ale: “Mègaɖo dze kple nyɔnuwo fũu o, elabena esia wɔwɔ ana be ŋuwò makɔ o.”
Nazãbubu ɖe nyɔnuwo ŋu alea kpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe ale si Yudatɔwo wɔa nu ɖe nyɔnuwo ŋui dzi ƒe alafa geɖe. Le Yesu ƒe anyigbadzinɔɣi la, gbedoxɔa ƒe akpa si nye Nyɔnuwo ƒe Xɔxɔnu la koe woɖea mɔ na nyɔnuwo be woage
ɖo. Ŋutsuwo koe xɔa hehe le mawusubɔsubɔ me, eye anɔ eme be woɖea nyɔnuwo ɖe vovo le ƒuƒoƒeawo. Rabi aɖe gblɔ le Talmud la me be: “Ame sia ame si afia Torah [Se la] vianyɔnu la, ele via gblẽm.” Ale si Yuda subɔsubɔhakplɔlawo trɔ gbo Mawu ƒe nukpɔsusu le nyɔnuwo ŋu la wɔe be ŋutsu geɖe va nɔ vlo dom nyɔnuwo.Kɔnyinyiwo koŋ gbɔe nazãbubu sia tso, eye esi Yesu nɔ anyigba dzi la, ede dzesi esia. (Mateo 15:6, 9; 26:7-11) Ðe nufiafia mawo kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ale si wòwɔa nu ɖe nyɔnuwo ŋui dzia? Nu kae míate ŋu asrɔ̃ tso ale si Yesu wɔ nu ɖe wo ŋui me? Ðe Kristotɔnyenye akuakua he gbɔdzɔe vae na nyɔnuwoa? Nyati si kplɔe ɖo la adzro biabia siawo me.