1. (a) I basa rapi rakapuwa Adhamu ndi Mwari? (b) Kubvira kareko, vandhu va Mwari vari kushandisisa kudini kukwanisa kwavo kuvereketa ndumi?

JEHOVHA MWARI wakapekeja zvisikwa zvake cipo co kukwanisa kubhuisana. Pakupera kudira Adhamu mu munda wo Edheni, Mwari wakamupa basa raibatanija kushandisa ndumi. Iyena waidikana kudura mazina zvinyama. Adhamu wakashandisa uzivi pomwe no hwiru hwake kuitira kudura zina raifanera kuno cinyama cimwe nga cimwe. (Gn. 2:19, 20) Kubvira pondhopo, vandhu va Mwari vari kundoshandisa kukwanisa kwavo kuvereketa—vecishandisa ndumi—kuti vakuje Jehovha no kuitisa kuti kuda kwake kuzivikanwe kuno vamweni. Mu nguva japerari, njira inobudirira yo kutokotesa kunamata kwakacena ngo kushandisa ndumi, iri kukwanirisika ngo sandujo yo Bhaibheri.

2. (a) Cikwata co Kusanduja Shanduro yeNyika Itsva cakateverera zviambi zvapi pa kuita basa raco? (b) Pa musoro uno tinozojijenyi?

² Kuno zviuru zvo sandujo jo Bhaibheri, asi ijona jinosiyana magondekere ajinoita pa kuda kubudisa masoko o Bhaibheri akatanga kutahwa kamare. Mu makore o 1940, Cikwata co Kusanduja Shanduro yeNyika Itsva cakagaja zviambi zvo kusanduja zvakateverehwa ngo ndumi jinodarika kuita 130. Zviambi izvi zvaiitira: (1) Kucenesa zina ra Mwari ngo kuhwirijira mu ndau jorinowanika mu Matahwa.  (Verenganyi Mateu 6:9, Shanduro yeNyika Itsva.) (2) Pa zvaikwanisikaya, kusanduja kwaiithwa gama ngo gama masoko o kutanga akafemehwaya, asi kusanduja murangariro wakarungama pazvaivoneka kuti kusanduja gama ngo gama kunobvisa revo inodiwepo. (3) Kushandisa mavereketero akareruka kuzwisisa anodakajisa kuverenga. * (Verenganyi Neemia 8:8, 12.) Ngatende tivone kuti zviambi izvi zvakashandiswa kudini pa Shanduro yeNyika Itsva, yakanasirihwazve yo mujeura wakabudiswa mu 2013 zve no mujeura jimweni jicikaripi jo ciNgezi.

3, 4. (a) Muphukutu japi jo kare jino Tetragrama? (b) Vasanduji vazinji vo Bhaibheri vakaitenyi no zina ra Mwari?

³ Vaya vanojija ngo zvo muphukutu jo Bhaibheri jo kare jo ciHebheru, jakadari inga jo Mar Morto, vanokahamara ngo kuvona kuti muno Tetragrama—maretra marongomuna o ciHebheru anoimirira zina ra Mwari. Zina ra Mwari rinowanika haiwa basi mu muphukutu jondhojo jo ciHebheru jo kare, asi rinowanikavo mu makhopi amweni o Septuaginta yo ciGiriki o mu nguva inobvira pa zana ro cipiri ro makore N.V.I.Y. (Nguva ya Vese Icito Yaguma) mbhera pa zana ro kutanga ro makore N.V.Y. (Nguva ya Vese Yaguma)

⁴ Pikija zvecivoneka pa mbhene kuti zina ra Mwari ririmo mu Bhaibheri, vasanduji vazinji vanobvisa kamare, zina irowaro rakacena. Zvokadi, nopapera makore maviri Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yeMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki noyabudiswa mu gore ro 1950, mu cingezi, kwakabudiswavo sandujo imweni yo Bhaibheri yaizwi Revised Standard Version. Sandujo yondhoyo, yakabvisa zina ra Mwari, ngo kudaro yainga yecicinja maitiro akashandiswa ngo vabudisi vo sandujo yaizwi American Standard Version, iyo yainga yakabudiswa mu gore ro 1901. Ngenyi vakaita kudaro? Masoko o kutanga o sandujo iyi akananga kudari: “Kushandisa zina ra Mwari umwe ega . . . azvifaneri kamare ku Ceci yo ciKristu yo pasi pese.” Izvi zvakazogaja muezaniso kuno vasanduji vazinji vo Cingezi no vaciripi vo Cingezi.

5. Ngenyi zvinosisira maningi kusiya zina ra Mwari ririmo mu Bhaibheri?

⁵ Ngenyi kusiya kana kubvisa zina ra Mwari pa kusanduja Bhaibheri asipi ciro cinodikana kurejwa-rejwa? Musanduji anonasa kusanduja, anoziva kuti zvinosisira maningi kuzwisisa cidisiso co mune wo masoko aari kusandujaro, zivo yondhoyo, inopsasa zvisungo zvizinji zvaanoita paanonga ecisanduja. Mavhesi mazinji anokhombija kusisira ko zina ra Mwari no kuceneswa kwaro. (Ex. 3:15, BMAA; Ndu. 83:18, 148:13 BMAA; Is. 42:8; 43:10; Jo. 17:6, 26; Mait. 15:14) Jehovha Mwari—Mune wo Bhaibheri—wakafemera vatari varo kuti vashandise zina rake vakasujunuka. (Verenganyi Ezekieli 38:23, Shanduro yeNyika Itsva.) Kubvisa zina ra Mwari, iro rinowanika kunokwana zviuru no zviuru mu muphukutu jo kare, zvinokhombija kutama kureremeja Mune waro.

6. Ngenyi Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yakanasirihwazve yaano mativi matandhatu ano zina ra Mwari?

⁶ Ucapupu wokuti zina ra Mwari rinodikana kusiiwa mu Bhaibheri auzivi kupunguka asi waengejeka. Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yakanasirihwazve yakabudiswa mu gore ro 2013, zina iri rinowanika kanokwana 7.216, kuda kureva kuti zina iri rakaengejeka kunokwana katandhatu kupinda mutengo waraiwanika mu mujeura wo gore ro 1984. Mativi matandhatu anari zina ra Mwari, akawanika pana 1 Samueli 2:25; 6:3; 10:26; 23:14, 16. Mativi aya akamusijihwa maningi-ningi ngo ndava yo Muphukutu jo Mar Morto, jino 1.000 co makore kupinda matahwa o ciHebheru co vaMasorete, ano zina ra Mwari mu mavhesi ondhowo. Zve, pakawanikazve zina ra Mwari rakamusijihwavo pana Vatongi 19:18, inga muviyo yo jijo yakaizwa kubvira ku muphukutu jo matahwa jo kare.

7, 8. Revo yo zina ra Mwari yokuti “Iyena Anoita Kuti Zviro Zvive Inga Zvaanoda” inoda kunangenyi?

 ⁷ Kuno maKristu okadi-kadi, zina ra Jehovha rino revo huru maningi. Pa Apendise yo Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yakanasirihwazve yakabudiswa mu gore ro 2013 (inowanika mu cingezi, ciputukezi) ino masoko mapsa ngo pamusoro po shwiro iyi. Cikwata co Kusanduja Shanduro yeNyika Itsva, cinozwisisa kuti zina ra Mwari rinovonesa manangiro o ciito o gama ro ciHebheru rokuti ‘ha·wah’, okureva kuti: “Iyena Anoita Kuti Zviro Zvive Inga Zvaanoda.” * Mabhuku edu aibatanija revo yo masoko aya no zviri pana Exodo 3:14, Shanduro yeNyika Itsva, apo panoti: ‘Ndicava wiyani wandicava.’ Izvi zvinotitora kuti tiende pa murangariro unowanika pa mujeura wo gore ro 1984, wokuti zina ra Mwari rinoda kureva kuti Iyena “anova pacake Mukwanirisi wo zvipikihwa zvake.” * Asi, pa Apendise A4 yo mujeura wo 2013 wakanasirihwazve wo Shanduro yeNyika Itsva (mu ciputukezi), panosanangura kudari: “Pikija zina ra Jehovha rinobatanija murangariro uwu, aripereri basi pa zviyana zvaanosunga kuva. Zina rokuti Jehovha rinobatanijavo murangariro wokuti, iyena anoitisa, kana anoita kuti zviitike, zviyana zvaanosunga ngo pamusoro po zvisikwa zvake zve zvaanosunga ngo pamusoro po kukwanirisa zvipikihwa zvake.”

⁸ Jehovha Mwari wakaita kuti zvisikwa zvake zvive zvaaida kuti zvive. Mukuzwirana no zvinoda kureva zina rake, Mwari wakaita kuti Nowa ave muvaki wo arka, wakaita kuti Bhezareri ave muzivi wo kuruka zviro, wakaita kuti Gidhioni ave muhwi wo hondo anonyisa, zve wakaita kuti Pauro ave mupostori ku majinja. Hina, zina ra Mwari rino revo huru maningi kuno vandhu vake. Zve Cikwata co Kusanduja Shanduro yeNyika Itsva narini acimborerusi revo yo zina ra Mwari ngo kutama kuridira mu Bhaibheri.

9. Ngorapi thangwe guru rakaitisa kuti kusandujwe Bhaibheri mu ndumi jimweni?

⁹ Shanduro yeNyika Itsva, iyo inowanika mu ndumi jinodarika kuita 130, inokuja zina ra Mwari ngo kuti yakaridira pa ndau parinodikana kuwanika mu matahwa akacena. (Verenganyi Malakia 3:16, Shanduro yeNyika Itsva.) Mukusiyana, vasanduji vo Bhaibheri, vakapeamira mu kubvisa zina ra Mwari vorifakeya ngo mazina o kureremeja akadari inga “Tenji” kana kushandisa zina ro cimwari co mundharaundha mavo. Iri ndirona thangwe guru rakaitisa kuti Mukhumbi Unotonga wo Zvapupu zva Jehovha, ude maningi kuti Bhaibheri rinokuja zina ra Mwari, riwanike kuitira vandhu vese.

10, 11. Ngo zvapi zvineso zvimweni zvakasongana no vasanduji vamweni vaisanduja Shanduro yeNyika Itsva mu ndumi jicikaripi Cingezi?

¹⁰ Basa ro kusanduja matahwa akacena kwenda mu ndumi zinji rino zvineso zvizinji. Inga muezaniso, kareko, Shanduro yeNyika Itsva mu cingezi yakateverera maitiro akashandiswa ngo ma Bhaibheri amweni o cingezi, awo akashandisa gama ro ciHebheru ro kuti ‘Sheori’ mu vhesi jakadari inga Mucumaeri 9:10. Vhesi iyi yaiverengwa kudari: ‘Mu Sheori, ndau yauri kwenda akuna kuronga mazano nee zivo nee ungwaru.’ Vasanduji vazinji vo ndumi jicikaripi jo cingezi vakasongana no zvineso zvakawanda: Gama ro kuti “Sheori” aricaizivikanwa ngo vazinji vairiverenga, aricaiwanika mu madhisionario avo, zve rinozika inga kuti i ndau imweni iriyo kamare. Ngo kudaro, zvakatendehwa kuti gama ro kuti “Sheori,” no ro ciGiriki ro kuti “Haidhesi,” awo anonangira ciro cimweco, ajekeswe ngo kusanduja zvakarungama revo yawo yokuti “Guva.”

¹¹ Mu ndumi jimweni, kusanduja gama ro ciHebheri ro kuti neʹphesh zve gama ro ciGiriki ro kuti psy·kheʹ mukuzwirana kamare no gama  rimwero mu Cingezi ro kuti “mwiha,” kwakabara cineso cimweni. Ngenyi? Ngo ndava yo kuti gama rinozwirana na iri, raizopa mazwiro o kuti “mwiha” i divi ro mundhu ricikavoneki. Izvi zvaizokhombija mavonero akashata o kuti gama iri rinoda kunangira mujimu haiwa mundhuwo kamare. Ngo kudaro, zvakatendehwa kuti gama ro kuti “mwiha,” ridihwe mukuzwirana no parinowanikaro pomwe no zvinokhombijwa ngo Apendise jo Tradução do Novo Mundo das Escrituras Sagradas com Referências. Hina, zvaidiwa ngo zvo kuti matahwa akasike kuzika, zve kazinji masoko anobesera kuzwisisa akadihwa mu masoko opasi.

12. I cinjo japi jakaizwa mu gore ro 2013 pakunasirihwazve ko Shanduro yeNyika Itsva?

¹² Mubvunjo jaiizwa ngo vasanduji, jakavonesa kuti kushaisha kuzwa kondhoko kwaizoitikavo. Ngo kudaro, mu mweji wa Cikumiyana, mu gore ro 2007, Mukhumbi Unotonga wakatendera kuti matahwa o Cingezi anasirihwezve. Paainga ecinasirihwazve, zviuru no zviuru zvo mubvunjo jo vasanduji vo Bhaibheri jaivoniwavo. Magama aishandiswa kare akafakeiwa, zve kwaivangisihwa maningi kuitira kuti matahwa ave akajeka, akareruka kuzwisisa asi oramba ano revo yawo. Kuita zvakaizwa ngo ndumi jimweni ‘kwakarojera’ matahwa o Cingezi.—Mazwi 27:17.

13. Matahwa akanasirihwazve, awo akabudiswa mu gore ro 2013, akaashihwa kudini?

¹³ Muviyo wapi uri kuwanikepo ngo kuva no Shanduro yeNyika Itsva rakanasirihwazve yo Cingezi? Zviuru zvo karata jo kubongesera zvakaashihwa ku cine ro pasi pese ro Zvapupu zva Jehovha, ku Brukrini. Magama akanangwa ngo hambzaji imweni anokhombija mazwiro o vazinji, iyona yakati: “Bhaibheri i khofiri iri kushefukira ngo upfumi hwo mutengo mukuru. Kuverenga soko ra Jehovha ngo maitiro akajeka tecishandisa matahwa awo akabudiswa mu gore ro 2013, zvingaezanisihwa no kupopora upfumi umwe nga umwe, tecisotesesa mativi awo akasiyana-siyana, kujeka kwawo, mukhaindi wawo pomwe no kuseja kwawo. Matahwa akatahwa mu mavereketero akareruka ari kundibesera kuguma pakuziva ushoni Jehovha, uwo wakadari inga ndi baba vanocanjika mukono wavo pamapfuji pangu, pavanonga vecindiverengera magama avo anotondhoja.”

14, 15. Kuva no Shanduro yeNyika Itsva mu ndumi jimweni jicikaripi Cingezi, zviri kubeseresa kudini?

¹⁴ Asipi basi Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yakanasirihwazve yo cingezi yakadakajisa vandhu. Mwanarume umwe waamusharuka, wo ku Sofia, nyika yo Bhurgaria, wakananga kudari ngo pamusoro  po Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yakabudiswa mu ndumi yo ciBhurgaria: “Ndaiverenga Bhaibheri ko makore akawanda, asi andizivi kumboverenga sandujo yakareruka kuzwisisa zve inomukira kubaya mwoyo kamare inopinda iyi.” Mukufananavo, imwe hambzaji yo ku Arbhania, no yapera kuashira Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yakakwana, yakananga kudari: “Mazikire akadakaja zvakadini anoita Shanduro yeNyika Itsva mu ndumi yo ciArbhania! I cidakajiso cikuru kuva na Jehovha ecivereketa nesu ecishandisa ndumi yedu kamare!”

¹⁵ Mu nyika zinji, maBhaibheri anodhura zve aawaniki maningi, ngo kudaro kupuwa Bhaibheri i makomborero makuru. Masoko amweni akabva ku Ruwanda anoti: “Ko nguva yakareba vandhu vazinji vaijija no hama jedu, avacaienderera mbheri ngo kutama maBhaibheri. Ivona avacaikwanisa kutenga maBhaibheri aitengeswa ngo maceci o mundharaundha mavomo. Zve kazinji ivona avacaikwanisa kuzwisisa revo yo vhesi jimweni, zve izvo zvaiita kuti vanesehwe kuenderera mberi.” Zviro zvakacinja pavakaashira Shanduro yeNyika Itsva payakabuda mu ndumi yavo. Imwe mbhuri yo ku Ruwanda, iyo ino vana varongomuna, yakananga kudari: “Zvokadi tinobonga Jehovha no muranda wakagondeka no wakangwara ngo kutipa Bhaibheri iri. Itusu tiri varombo maningi zve atina mare yokutenga maBhabheri kuitira vese pa mbhuri. Asi wari, umwe nga umwe wedu ano Bhaibheri rake. Kuti tivonese kubongesera kwatinako kuna Jehovha, itusu tinoriverenga pamwepo inga mbhuri, njiku ngo njiku.”

16, 17. (a) Cicinyi cinoda Jehovha kuno vandhu vake? (b) Ngo capi cinodikana kuva civaringo cedu?

¹⁶ Mu kufamba ko nguva, Shanduro yeNyika Itsva yakanasirihwazve, icazowanikavo mu ndumi zinji. Sathana ari kueja kujamisa kuvangisira uku, asi itusu tinothemba kuti Jehovha anoda kuti vandhu vake vese vamuzwe paanonga ecivereketa navo ngo mavereketero akajeka, anozwisisika. (Verenganyi Isaia 30:21.) Inozoguma nguva yokuti “nyika inozozara ngo kuziva [Jehovha], inga kumwa inozaja murambo.”—Is. 11:9.

¹⁷ Tese ngatiteme civaringo co kushandisa cipo ciri cese cinobva ka Jehovha, kubatanija sandujo iyi inokuja zina rake. Tenderanyi kuti averekete nemwi njiku jese ecishandisa Soko rake. Kukwanisa kwake kuita zviro kucikapimiki, kunoita kuti anase kupurutana mukumbiro jedu. Kubhuisana uku, kunozomubesera kuti mugume pa kunasa kuziva Jehovha, rudo hwenyu kwaari pahunonga weciramba wecikura.—Jo. 17:3.