Kodi Mungatani Kuti Mudziwe Choyenerera ndi Chosayenerera?

KODI ndani ali ndi mphamvu zouza anthu chimene chili choyenerera ndiponso chosayenerera? Funso limeneli linabuka pachiyambi penipeni pa mbiri ya anthu. M’buku la Genesis, Baibulo limati Mulungu ananena kuti mtengo winawake m’munda wa Edene ukhale “mtengo wakudziwitsa zabwino ndi zoipa.” (Genesis 2:9) Ndiyeno Iye analangiza anthu awiri oyambirira aja kuti asadye zipatso za mtengo umenewo. Komano mdani wa Mulungu, Satana Mdyerekezi anauza anthu aja kuti akadya zipatso za mtengowo, maso awo “adzatseguka” ndipo ‘adzakhala ngati Mulungu, wakudziwa zabwino ndi zoipa.’​—Genesis 2:16, 17; 3:1, 5; Chivumbulutso 12:9.

Adamu ndi Hava anayenera kusankha pakati pa zinthu ziwiri; kumvera zimene Mulungu ananena kuti n’zoyenerera kapena kungotsatira maganizo awo. (Genesis 3:6) Iwo anasankha kusamvera Mulungu ndiponso kudya zipatso za  mtengowo. Kodi zimene anachitazi zinasonyeza chiyani? Pochita zinthu modutsa dala malire amene Mulungu anawapatsa, kwenikweni anthuwa anali kusonyeza kuti iwowo ndiponso mbadwa zawo zinthu zingawayendere bwino ngati atati azisankha okha choyenerera ndiponso chosayenerera kuchita. Kodi zinthu zawayendera bwanji anthu poyesa kukhala ndi mphamvu zangati za Mulunguzi?

Maganizo Osiyanasiyana

Buku lakuti Encyclopædia Britannica limafotokoza ziphunzitso za aphunzitsi otchuka amene akhalapo kuyambira kale, ndiyeno limati kungoyambira pa nthawi ya munthu wanzeru wa ku Greece dzina lake Socrates kudzafika m’zaka za m’ma 1900, “anthu akhala akulephera kugwirizana chimodzi pa nkhani yakuti zinthu zabwino ndi zinthu zotani ndiponso kuti n’chiyani chimapangitsa chinthu kukhala choyenerera kapena chosayenerera.”

Mwachitsanzo, m’zaka za m’ma 500 Yesu Asanabwere, ku Greece kunali kagulu kotchuka ka anthu anzeru otchedwa a Sophist omwe ankaphunzitsa anthu. Iwo ankaphunzitsa kuti chinthu chilichonse n’choyenerera ngati anthu ambiri amaona kuti n’choyenerera. Mphunzitsi wina wa m’gululi anati: “Zinthu zilizonse zimene m’dera linalake anthu amaziona kuti n’zoyenerera, ndiye kuti n’zoyenereradi kuderalo, malinga ngati anthu a kumeneko amaona kuti n’zoyenerera.” Tikatengera maganizo amenewa, ndiye kuti Jodie tam’tchula m’nkhani yoyamba ija, ayenera kutenga ndalama zija, chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri a m’dera limene iyeyo amakhala akadatero.

Komano Immanuel Kant, munthu wanzeru amene anali wotchuka m’zaka za m’ma 1700, ananena maganizo osiyana ndi amenewa. Magazini yotchedwa Issues in Ethics inati: “Immanuel Kant ndi anthu ena ofanana naye maganizo . . . ankagogomezera kwambiri kuti munthu aliyense payekha ayenera kuganiza yekha zimene akuona kuti n’zoyenerera kapena ayi.” Tikatengera maganizo a Kant, ndiye kuti chilichonse chimene Jodie uja angaganize kuchita nazo ndalamazo n’cholondola. Kaya azitenga, kaya azisiya, zonse zili ndi iye. Zoti anthu ambiri m’dera lake angaganize bwanji pankhaniyi zilibe ntchito.

Ndiyeno kodi Jodie atasinkhasinkha anaganiza zochita chiyani? Iye anaganiza zoyendera mfundo ina yosagwirizana ndi mfundo ziwiri tatchulazi. Anayendera mfundo imene Yesu Kristu anaphunzitsa. Akristu ndiponso anthu amene si Akristu akhala akutama kwambiri mfundo za Yesu zokhudza khalidwe loyenerera. Yesu anaphunzitsa anthu kuti: “Chifukwa chake zinthu zilizonse mukafuna kuti anthu achitire inu, inunso muwachitire iwo zotero.” (Mateyu 7:12) Mayi uja anadabwa kwambiri pamene Jodie anamupatsa ndalama zokwana madola 82,000 zija. Atamufunsa kuti n’chifukwa chiyani sanangotenga ndalamazo, Jodie anauza mayiyo kuti iye ndi wa Mboni za Yehova ndipo ananenanso kuti: “Sindingatenge ndalama zimene ndikudziwa kuti si zanga ayi.” Jodie anatero chifukwa choona kuti sayenera kunyalanyaza mawu a Yesu otchulidwa m’Baibulo pa Mateyu 19:18, amene amati: “Usabe.”

Kodi Ndi Bwino Kudalira Zimene Ambiri Kwanuko Amaganiza?

N’zotheka kuti anthu ena anganene kuti Jodie anasonyeza kupusa pochita zinthu moona mtima choncho. Komatu zimene anthu ambiri amaganiza sikuti mungazitsatire nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, mukanakhala kuti muli m’dera limene anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kupereka nsembe ana n’koyenerera, monga mmene anthu a m’madera ena m’mbuyomo ankaganizira, kodi inuyo panokha mukanaona kuti kupereka ana nsembe  n’koyenereradi? (2 Mafumu 16:3) Nanga bwanji mukanabadwira m’dera limene anthu amaona kuti kudya anthu anzawo sikulakwa? Kodi inuyo mukanaona kuti kudya nyama ya munthu sikulakwa kwenikweni? Inde, khalidwe linalake likakhala lotchuka sindiye kuti n’labwino ayi. Kalekale Baibulo linachenjeza anthu za maganizo osocheretsa amenewa, ponena kuti: “Usatsata unyinji wa anthu kuchita choipa.”​—Eksodo 23:2.

Yesu Kristu anasonyezanso chifukwa china chimene tiyenera kukhalira osamala kuti tisamangotsatira zimene anthu ambiri amaganiza pankhani ya zoyenerera ndiponso zosayenerera. Iye ananena poyera kuti Satana ndiye “mkulu wa dziko lapansi.” (Yohane 14:30; Luka 4:6) Satana amagwiritsira ntchito ulamuliro wakewu kusocheretsa “dziko lonse.” (Chivumbulutso 12:9) Motero, dziwani kuti mukamangotengera zimene anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ndizo zoyenerera kapena zosayenerera, mungathe kukhala mukutengera maganizo a Satana pankhaniyi, ndipotu mosakayika mapeto a zimenezi amakhala opweteka kwabasi.

Kodi Ndi Bwino Kungodalira Maganizo Anu?

Kodi ndiye kuti aliyense ayenera kuganiza payekha zimene zili zoyenerera ndiponso zosayenerera kwa iyeyo? Baibulo limati: “Osachirikizika pa luntha lako.” (Miyambo 3:5) N’chifukwa chiyani sitiyenera kutero? Chifukwa chakuti anthu onse anatengera vuto lalikulu limene lingathe kuwalepheretsa kuganizira zinthu bwinobwino. Adamu ndi Hava atapandukira Mulungu, anatengera maganizo a Satana, yemwe anaukira Mulungu chifukwa cha dyera. Popandukira Mulungu motere, Adamu ndi Hava anasankha Satana kuti akhale atate wawo wauzimu. Kenaka anapatsira mbadwa zawo zonse vuto linalake. Vuto lake ndilo mtima wonyenga. Mtimawu umatha kudziwa zoyenerera kuchita koma umakonda kuchita zinthu zimene zili zosayenerera.​—Genesis 6:5; Aroma 5:12; 7:21-24.

Pofotokoza za khalidwe loyenerera ndi losayenerera, buku lakuti Encyclopædia Britannica linati: “Sizioneka ngati zodabwitsa tikaona anthu odziwa zoyenerera kuchita akusiyira dala zimenezo n’kumachita zowakomera iwowo. M’mayiko aazungu mwakhala vuto lalikulu pankhani yothandiza anthu kuti azikhala ofunitsitsa kuchita zinthu zimene akudziwa kuti n’zoyenererazo.” Baibulo limanena zoona kuti: “Mtima ndiwo wonyenga koposa, ndi wosachiritsika, ndani angathe kuudziwa?” (Yeremiya 17:9) Kodi inuyo mungakhulupirire munthu aliyense amene ali wodziwika kuti ndi wonyenga?

N’zoona kuti ngakhale anthu amene sakhulupirira Mulungu angathe kukhala a khalidwe loyenerera n’kumachita zinthu zothandiza ndiponso zolemekezeka. Koma nthawi zambiri mfundo zabwino zimene iwowa amayendera zimakhala zochokera mu mfundo za khalidwe loyenerera zimene zili m’Baibulo. Ngakhale anthu oterewa atamatsutsa zoti kuli Mulungu, mfundo zimene amayenderazo zimasonyeza kuti mwachibadwa anapangidwa mwakuti angathe kusonyeza makhalidwe a Mulungu. Zimenezi zimatsimikizira zimene Baibulo limanena kuti anthu pachiyambi analengedwa “m’chifanizo cha Mulungu.” (Genesis 1:27; Machitidwe 17:26-28) Mtumwi Paulo anati: “Iwo aonetsa ntchito ya lamulolo yolembedwa m’mitima yawo.”​—Aroma 2:15.

Inde, kungodziwa chabe zoyenerera kuchita sikokwanira kuti munthu akhale wofunitsitsa kuchitadi zoyenererazo. Kodi n’chiyani chingalimbikitse munthu kukhala wofunitsitsa kuchita zinthu zoyenerera? Pakuti zochita zathu zimachokera mumtima, kukonda kwambiri Yehova Mulungu, yemwe analemba Baibulo, kungathe kulimbikitsa munthu kukhala wofunitsitsa kuchita zinthu zoyenerera.​—Salmo 25:4, 5.

Chimene Chingakulimbikitseni Kumachita Zabwino

Kuti munthu ayambe kukonda Mulungu, choyamba ayenera kudziwa kuti malamulo ake ndi ofewa ndiponso kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri. Mtumwi Yohane anati: “Ichi ndi chikondi cha Mulungu, kuti tisunge malamulo ake: ndipo malamulo ake sali olemetsa.” (1 Yohane 5:3) Mwachitsanzo, Baibulo limatchula mfundo zothandiza kwambiri zimene zingathandize achinyamata kudziwa zoyenerera kuchita pankhani monga kumwa mowa, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kugonana asanalowe m’banja. Baibulo lingathandizenso  anthu okwatirana kudziwa zimene angachite akasiyana maganizo, ndipo lingapatse makolo malangizo abwino a mmene angalelere ana awo. * Kugwiritsira ntchito mfundo za khalidwe loyenerera za m’Baibulo kungathandize achinyamata ndi achikulire omwe, ngakhale ali osiyanasiyana pankhani ya kupeza, kuphunzira, kapenanso chikhalidwe.

Monga mmene kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi kumakupatsirani mphamvu zogwirira ntchito, kuwerenga Mawu a Mulungu nako kumakupatsani mphamvu zoti muthe kuchita zinthu zimene Mulungu amaona kuti n’zoyenerera. Yesu anayerekezera Mawu a Mulungu ndi chakudya chimene timadya kuti tikhale ndi moyo. (Mateyu 4:4) Iye ananenanso kuti: “Chakudya changa ndicho kuti ndichite chifuniro cha Iye amene anandituma Ine.” (Yohane 4:34) Kudya chakudya chauzimu cha Mawu a Mulungu kunathandiza Yesu kuti athe kulimbana ndi ziyeso ndiponso kuti azichita zinthu mwanzeru.​—Luka 4:1-13.

Poyamba, mwina zingakuvuteni kuphunzira Mawu a Mulungu ndi kuyamba kutsatira mfundo Zake. Koma musaiwale kuti muli mwana, mwina panali zakudya zina zothandiza m’thupi mwanu zimene simunkazikonda. Koma kuti mukule bwino, munayenera kuphunzira kukonda zakudya zoterezi. N’chimodzimodzinso ndi mfundo za m’Mawu a Mulungu; nazonso zingatenge nthawi kuti muyambe kuzikonda. Komano ngati mutalimbikira, mungathe kuyamba kukonda mfundozi n’kukhala munthu wolimbadi mwauzimu. (Salmo 34:8; 2 Timoteo 3:15-17) Mungaphunzire kukhulupirira Yehova ndi kukhala wofunitsitsa ‘kuchita chokoma.’​—Salmo 37:3.

Mwina inuyo simudzakumanapo ndi zimene Jodie anakumana nazo. Komabe tsiku lililonse mumafunika kuganiza zoyenerera kuchita, pankhani zazing’ono ndiponso zazikulu. Motero Baibulo limakulimbikitsani kuti: “Khulupirira Yehova ndi mtima wako wonse, osachirikizika pa luntha lako; um’lemekeze m’njira zako zonse, ndipo Iye adzawongola mayendedwe ako.” (Miyambo 3:5, 6) Kuphunzira kukhulupirira Yehova sikuti kungakupindulitseni pano pokha ayi koma kungakuthandizeninso kupeza mwayi wodzakhala ndi moyo kosatha, chifukwatu kumvera Yehova Mulungu kumapatsa moyo.​—Mateyu 7:13, 14.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 6]

Zimene anthu ambiri amaganiza zingakhale zochokera kwa mizimu yosaoneka

[Zithunzi patsamba 5]

Kuyambira kale, anthu okonda kuganiza kwambiri akhala akulephera kugwirizana chimodzi pankhani yokhudza zimene zili zoyenerera ndiponso zosayenerera

SOCRATES

KANT

CONFUCIUS

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Kant: From the book The Historian’s History of the World; Socrates: From the book A General History for Colleges and High Schools; Confucius: Sung Kyun Kwan University, Seoul, Korea

[Zithunzi patsamba 7]

Baibulo sikuti limangotithandiza kuzindikira zoyenerera ndi zosayenerera koma limatilimbikitsanso kuchita zoyenererazo