Kodi Mariya Ndi Amayi a Mulungu?

YAMBANI

Yankho la m’Babulo

Baibulo silinena kuti Mariya ndi amayi a Mulungu. Komanso silifotokoza kuti Akhristu azipembedza Mariya kapena kumupatsa ulemu wapadera. a Taganizirani izi:

Mariya sanafotokozepo zoti iye ndi amayi a Mulungu. Baibulo limanena kuti iye anabereka “Mwana wa Mulungu” b osati Mulungu weniweniyo.—Maliko 1:1; Luka 1:32.
Yesu Khristu sananene kuti Mariya anali a mayi a Mulungu komanso kuti azipatsidwa ulemu wapadera. Ndipotu nthawi ina, mayi wina ananena kuti Mariya anali wodala chifukwa anabereka Yesu. Koma Yesu anamuuza kuti: “Ayi, m’malomwake, odala ndi amene akumva mawu a Mulungu ndi kuwasunga.”—Luka 11:27, 28.
Mawu akuti “Mayi a Mulungu” komanso akuti “Theotokos” kapena kuti “Wobereka Mulungu,” sapezeka m’Baibulo.
M’Baibulo mawu akuti “Mfumukazi Yakumwamba,” sanena za Mariya. Koma amanena za mulungu wamkazi yemwe Aisiraeli omwe anasiya kutumikira Yehova ankamulambira. (Yeremiya 44:15-19) N’kutheka kuti Mfumukazi Yakumwambayi inali mulungu wamkazi wa ku Babulo yemwe ankadziwika ndi dzina lakuti Ishitara kapena Asitaroti.
Akhristu oyambirira sankalambira Mariya kapena kumupatsa ulemu wapadera. Katswiri wina wolemba mbiri yakale ananena kuti Akhristu oyambirira “ayenera kuti ankakana kupembedza Mariya ndipo sankamupatsa ulemu wapadera chifukwa anthu ena akanayamba kuganiza kuti amalambira mulungu wamkazi.”—In Quest of the Jewish Mary.
Baibulo limanena kuti Mulungu anakhalapo kuyambira kalekale. (Salimo 90:1, 2; Yesaya 40:28) Ndiye chifukwa choti Mulungu alibe chiyambi, sizingatheke kuti akhale ndi mayi ake. Kuwonjezera pamenepo Baibulo limanena kuti Mulungu sangakwane kumwamba. Ndiye kodi zikanakhala zotheka kuti akwane m’mimba mwa Mariya?—1 Mafumu 8:27.

Mariya ndi Mayi ake a Yesu osati “Mayi a Mulungu”

Mariya anali Myuda ndipo anabadwira mfuko la Mfumu Davide. (Luka 3:23-31) Mulungu ankamukonda kwambiri chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chake. (Luka 1:28) Ndipo anamusankha kuti akhale mayi ake a Yesu. (Luka 1:31, 35) Patapita nthawi, Mariya ndi mwamuna wake Yosefe, anaberekanso ana ena.—Maliko 6:3.

Ngakhale kuti Baibulo limafotokoza kuti Mariya anadzakhala wophunzira wa Yesu, silifotokoza zambiri zokhudza iyeyo.—Machitidwe 1:14.

N’chifukwa chiyani anthu ena amanena kuti Mariya ndi amayi a Mulungu?

Maumboni akusonyeza kuti anthu anayamba kulambira Mariya cha m’ma 300.C.E. Pa nthawi imeneyo tchalitchi cha Katolika chinali chipembedzo chachikulu mu ulamuliro wa Aroma. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti anthu ambiri achikunja ayambe kulowa Chikhristu. Tchalitchichi chinatengeranso chiphunzitso cha Utatu chomwe sichipezeka m’Baibulo.

Chiphunzitso cha Utatu chinachititsa anthu ambiri kuona kuti ngati Yesu ndi Mulungu, ndiye kuti Mariya ayeneranso kukhala amayi a Mulungu. Mu 431 C.E., akuluakulu a tchalitchi anachititsa msonkhano ku Efeso. Pamsonkhanowu analengeza kuti Mariya ndi “Mayi a Mulungu.” Pambuyo pa msonkhanowu anthu anayamba kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa Mariya. Ndiyeno anthu omwe poyamba anali achikunja atalowa tchalitchi cha Katolika, anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi komanso mafano a Mariya Virigo. Zinthu zimenezi zinayamba kulowa m’malo mwa zithunzi komanso mafano a milungu monga Atemi (Aroma ankamutchula kuti Diana) ndi Isisi.

Pofika mu 432 C.E., Papa Sixtus III analamula kuti mumzinda wa Rome mumangidwe tchalitchi pofuna kupereka ulemu kwa “Mayi a Mulungu.” Tchalitchichi chinamangidwa pafupi ndi malo omwe poyamba panali kachisi wa Lucina yemwe anali mulungu wamkazi wa uchembere. Katswiri wina wolemba mabuku ananena kuti “tchalitchi cha Katolika ndi chimake cha matchalitchi omwe anatengera zikhulupiriro za anthu achikunja. Ndipo chitsanzo ndi nkhani yopereka ulemu kwa Mariya, pa nthawi imene Chikhristu chinangoyamba kumene ku Rome.”—Mary—The Complete Resource.

a Zipembedzo zambiri zimaphunzitsa kuti Mariya ndi amayi a Mulungu. Zimanena kuti Mariya ndi “Mfumukazi Yakumwamba” kapena kuti Theotokos, mawu achigiriki omwe amatanthauza kuti “wobereka Mulungu.”

b Buku Lopatulika Ndilo Mau a Mulungu