Baratotezwa ariko barishimye

“Namwe muzahirwa [“muzagira ibyishimo,” “NW”] ubwo bazabatuka bakabarenganya, bakababeshyera ibibi byinshi babampora.”​—MATAYO 5:11.

1. Ni iki Yesu yijeje abigishwa be ku birebana n’ibyishimo n’ibitotezo?

IGIHE Yesu yatumaga intumwa ze kubwiriza iby’Ubwami, yababuriye ko bari kurwanywa. Yarababwiye ati “muzangwa n’abantu bose babahora izina ryanjye” (Matayo 10:5-18, 22). Icyakora mbere yaho, mu Kibwiriza cye cyo ku Musozi, yijeje abigishwa be ndetse n’abandi bantu ko kurwanywa atari ko byanze bikunze byari kubabuza kugira ibyishimo byimbitse. Ndetse mu by’ukuri, Yesu yashyize isano hagati y’ibyishimo by’Abakristo no gutotezwa kwabo. Bishoboka bite ko ibitotezo byazana ibyishimo?

Abababazwa bazira gukiranuka

2. Dukurikije uko Yesu n’intumwa Petero babivuze, ni iyihe mibabaro itera ibyishimo?

² Impamvu ya munani yo kugira ibyishimo Yesu yavuze, igira iti “hahirwa [“abagira  ibyishimo ni,” “NW”] abarenganyirijwe gukiranuka, kuko ubwami bwo mu ijuru ari ubwabo” (Matayo 5:10). Kubabazwa ubwabyo nta cyiza kirimo. Intumwa Petero yaranditse ati “ariko se niba mwihanganira gukubitwa ibipfunsi babahora icyaha, muzashimwa iki? Icyakora niba mukora neza, akaba ari byo mubabarizwa mukabyihanganira, ibyo ni byo Imana ishima.” Yakomeje agira ati “ntihakagire umuntu wo muri mwe ubabazwa bamuhōra kwica cyangwa kwiba, cyangwa gukora inabi yindi cyangwa kuba kazitereyemo. Ariko umuntu nababazwa azira kuba Umukristo ntagakorwe n’isoni, ahubwo ahimbaze Imana ku bw’iryo zina” (1 Petero 2:20; 4:15, 16). Dukurikije uko Yesu yabivuze, kubabazwa bitera ibyishimo iyo umuntu ababazwa bamuhora gukiranuka.

3. (a) Iyo umuntu atotezwa bamuhora gukiranuka biba bishaka kuvuga iki? (b) Ni izihe ngaruka ibitotezo byagize ku Bakristo ba mbere?

³ Gukiranuka by’ukuri bipimirwa ku kuntu umuntu akora ibyo Imana ishaka n’uko yubahiriza amategeko yayo. Iyo umuntu ababazwa bamuhora gukiranuka, biba bishaka kuvuga ko ababara azira ko yanga kurenga ku mahame y’Imana n’ibyo isaba. Intumwa zatotejwe n’abayobozi b’Abayahudi bazihora ko zanze kureka kubwiriza mu izina rya Yesu (Ibyakozwe 4:18-20; 5:27-29, 40). Mbese ibyo byatumye zitishima cyangwa bituma zihagarika umurimo wo kubwiriza? Reka da! Ahubwo intumwa ‘zavuye imbere y’abanyarukiko zinejejwe n’uko zemerewe gukorwa n’isoni bazihora iryo zina. Nuko ntizasiba kwigisha no kuvuga ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yesu Kristo iminsi yose mu rusengero n’iwabo’ (Ibyakozwe 5:41, 42). Ibyo bitotezo byatumye bagira ibyishimo kandi bituma bongera kugira ishyaka mu murimo wo kubwiriza. Nyuma y’aho, Abakristo ba mbere batotejwe n’Abaroma babahora ko bangaga gusenga umwami w’abami.

4. Ni izihe mpamvu zimwe na zimwe zituma Abakristo batotezwa?

⁴ Muri iki gihe, Abahamya ba Yehova bagiye batotezwa kubera ko banze kureka kubwiriza ‘ubutumwa bwiza bw’ubwami’ (Matayo 24:14). Iyo amateraniro yabo ya gikristo abuzanyijwe, baba biteguye kubabazwa aho kugira ngo bareke guteranira hamwe nk’uko Bibiliya ibibategeka (Abaheburayo 10:24, 25). Bagiye batotezwa bazira kutabogama kwabo kwa gikristo cyangwa ko banga gukoresha nabi amaraso (Yohana 17:14; Ibyakozwe 15:28, 29). Icyakora, ubwoko bw’Imana muri iki gihe bugira amahoro yo mu mutima n’ibyishimo kubera ko bushikama ku byo gukiranuka.—1 Petero 3:14.

Batukwa bazira izina rya Kristo

5. Ni iyihe mpamvu y’ibanze ituma abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova batotezwa?

⁵ Impamvu ya cyenda ituma tugira ibyishimo Yesu yavuze mu Kibwiriza cye cyo ku Musozi, na yo ifitanye isano no gutotezwa. Yagize ati “namwe muzahirwa [“muzagira ibyishimo,” “NW”] ubwo bazabatuka bakabarenganya, bakababeshyera ibibi byinshi babampora” (Matayo 5:11). Impamvu y’ibanze ituma abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova batotezwa, ni uko atari ab’iyi si mbi. Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ati “iyo muba ab’isi, ab’isi baba babakunze. Ariko kuko mutari ab’isi, ahubwo nabatoranyije mu b’isi, ni cyo gituma ab’isi babanga” (Yohana 15:19). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, intumwa Petero yagize ati “basigaye batangazwa n’uko muri ibyo mudafatanya na bo gushayisha no gukabya ubukubaganyi nka bo bakabasebya.”—1 Petero 4:4.

6. (a) Kuki abasigaye basizwe na bagenzi babo batukwa kandi bagatotezwa? (b) Mbese ibyo bitutsi bigabanya ibyishimo byacu?

⁶ Twamaze kubona ko Abakristo ba mbere batotejwe bazira ko banze kureka kubwiriza mu izina rya Yesu. Kristo yabwiye abigishwa be ati “muzaba abagabo bo kumpamya . . . kugeza ku mpera y’isi” (Ibyakozwe 1:8). Abasigaye bizerwa bo mu bavandimwe ba  Kristo basizwe, bafashijwe na bagenzi babo b’indahemuka bagize “izindi ntama,” bashohoje iyo inshingano bafite ishyaka (Ibyahishuwe 7:9). Ni yo mpamvu Satani ‘arwanya abo mu rubyaro [rw’“umugore” ushushanya umuteguro w’Imana wo mu ijuru] basigaye, bitondera amategeko y’Imana kandi bafite guhamya kwa Yesu’ (Ibyahishuwe 12:9, 17). Twebwe Abahamya ba Yehova, duhamya ibya Yesu, ubu akaba ari Umwami uganje mu Bwami buzarimbura ubutegetsi bw’abantu bubangamiye isi nshya ikiranuka y’Imana (Daniyeli 2:44; 2 Petero 3:13). Ibyo ni byo bituma badutuka kandi bakadutoteza, ariko dufite ibyishimo kubera ko tubabazwa tuzira izina rya Kristo.—1 Petero 4:14.

7, 8. Ni ibiki abarwanyaga Abakristo ba mbere bababeshyeraga?

⁷ Yesu yavuze ko abigishwa be bagombye kujya bishima no mu gihe abantu ‘bababeshyera ibibi byinshi’ babamuhora (Matayo 5:11). Ibyo ni ko byagendekeye Abakristo ba mbere. Igihe intumwa Pawulo yari afungiwe i Roma ahagana mu mwaka wa 59-61 I.C., abayobozi b’Abayahudi bavuze iby’Abakristo bati “kuko icyo gice tuzi yuko bakivuga nabi hose” (Ibyakozwe 28:22). Pawulo na Sila bashinjwe ko bari ‘barubitse ibihugu byose,’ kandi ko ‘bagomeraga amategeko ya Kayisari.’—Ibyakozwe 17:6, 7.

⁸ Umuhanga mu by’amateka witwa K. S. Latourette yanditse ku mibereho y’Abakristo bo mu gihe cy’Ubwami bw’Abaroma agira ati “ibirego by’ibinyoma baregwaga byari bitandukanye. Abakristo bashinjwaga ko batemeraga ko Imana ibaho kubera ko bangaga kwifatanya mu mihango y’abapagani. Kubera ko batifatanyaga mu bikorwa byinshi by’abaturage, nko mu minsi mikuru y’abapagani, mu birori bya rubanda byo kwishimisha . . . , barabakobaga babita abanzi b’abantu. . . . Babavugagaho ko Abakristo b’abagabo n’abagore bahuriraga hamwe nijoro . . . hanyuma bagasambana. . . . Kuba [Urwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Kristo] rwarizihizwaga hari abizera bonyine, byatumye abantu bakwiza impuha ko buri gihe Abakristo batambaga umwana, bakanywa amaraso ye bakarya n’inyama ze.” Byongeye kandi, kubera ko Abakristo bangaga gusenga umwami w’abami, bashinjwaga ko bari abanzi ba leta.

9. Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bifashe bate ubwo bashinjwaga ibinyoma, kandi se byifashe bite muri iki gihe?

⁹ Ibyo binyoma bashinjwaga ntibyigeze bibuza Abakristo ba mbere gusohoza inshingano yabo yo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami. Mu mwaka wa 60-61 I.C., Pawulo yashoboraga kuvuga ko “ubutumwa bwiza” bwari ‘bwarageze no mu isi yose bukera imbuto,’ kandi ko bwari ‘bwarabwirijwe mu baremwe bose bari munsi y’ijuru’ (Abakolosayi 1:5, 6, 23). Ni na ko bimeze muri iki gihe. Abahamya ba Yehova bashinjwa ibinyoma kimwe n’uko Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bashinjwaga ibinyoma. Nyamara muri iki gihe umurimo wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami urasagamba kandi utuma abawukora bagira ibyishimo byinshi cyane.

Twishimira kurenganywa kimwe n’abahanuzi

10, 11. (a) Ni gute Yesu yashoje impamvu ya cyenda ituma tugira ibyishimo? (b) Kuki abahanuzi batotejwe? Tanga ingero.

¹⁰ Yesu yashoje impamvu ya cyenda ituma tugira ibyishimo agira ati “muzanezerwe, . . . , kuko ari ko barenganyije abahanuzi ba mbere” (Matayo 5:12). Abahanuzi Yehova yatumye kuburira Abisirayeli b’abahemu bakiriwe nabi cyane, kandi incuro nyinshi baratotezwaga (Yeremiya 7:25, 26). Intumwa Pawulo yarabihamije ubwo yandikaga ati ‘mbese mvuge kindi ki? Igihe cyandenga mvuze iby’abandi bahanuzi baheshejwe no kwizera kugeragereshwa gushinyagurirwa no gukubitwa ibiboko, ndetse no kubohwa no gushyirwa mu mazu y’imbohe.’—Abaheburayo 11:32-38.

 ¹¹ Ku ngoma y’Umwami mubi Ahabu n’umugore we Yezebeli, benshi mu bahanuzi ba Yehova bicishijwe inkota (1 Abami 18:4, 13; 19:10). Umuhanuzi Yeremiya yashyizwe mu mbago, hanyuma baza no kumujugunya mu cyobo cyabikaga amazi cyarimo ibyondo (Yeremiya 20:1, 2; 38:6). Umuhanuzi Daniyeli yajugunywe mu rwobo rw’intare (Daniyeli 6:16, 17). Abo bahanuzi bose ba mbere y’Ubukristo batotejwe bazira ko bashyigikiraga gahunda itanduye yo gusenga Yehova. Abahanuzi benshi batotejwe n’abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi. Yesu yavuze ko abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bari “abana b’abishe abahanuzi.”—Matayo 23:31.

12. Kuki twebwe Abahamya ba Yehova iyo badutoteje nk’uko abahanuzi ba kera batotejwe tubona ko ari icyubahiro?

¹² Muri iki gihe, twebwe Abahamya ba Yehova dukunze gutotezwa baduhora ko tugira ishyaka ryo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami. Abanzi bacu badushinja ko ‘duhindura abantu ku ngufu,’ ariko tuzi ko abasengaga Yehova mu budahemuka batubanjirije na bo bashinjwaga ibintu nk’ibyo (Yeremiya 11:21; 20:8, 11). Iyo tubabazwa tuzira impamvu imwe n’abahanuzi b’indahemuka ba kera, tubona ko ari icyubahiro. Umwigishwa Yakobo yaranditse ati “abahanuzi bahanuye mu izina ry’Umwami Imana mubakureho icyitegererezo cyo kurenganywa no kwihangana. Mwibuke yuko abihanganye tubita abanyehirwe.”—Yakobo 5:10, 11.

Impamvu zimbitse zo kugira ibyishimo

13. (a) Kuki ibitotezo bitaduca intege? (b) Ni iki gituma dushobora gushikama, kandi se ibyo biduhamiriza iki?

¹³ Aho kugira ngo ibitotezo biduce intege, duhumurizwa no gutekereza ko tuba tugera ikirenge mu cy’abahanuzi, Abakristo ba mbere na Yesu Kristo ubwe (1 Petero 2:21). Mu Byanditswe tuboneramo ibyishimo byimbitse, urugero nko mu magambo akurikira y’intumwa Petero agira ati ‘bakundwa, mwe gutangazwa n’ikome ryo kubagerageza riri hagati yanyu ngo mumere nk’abagushije ishyano. Ubwo mutukwa babahora izina rya Kristo murahirwa, kuko Umwuka w’ubwiza uba kuri mwe, ari wo Mwuka w’Imana’ (1 Petero 4:12, 14). Duhereye ku byo twagiye tubona, tuzi ko dushobora gushikama mu bigeragezo ari uko gusa Yehova aduhaye umwuka we ukatugumaho kandi ukaduha imbaraga. Iyo umwuka wera udushyigikiye biduhamiriza ko Yehova aduha umugisha, kandi ibyo bituma tugira ibyishimo byinshi.—Zaburi 5:13; Abafilipi 1:27-29.

14. Ni izihe mpamvu dufite zo kwishimira gutotezwa tuzira gukiranuka?

¹⁴ Indi mpamvu ituma kurwanywa no gutotezwa baduhora gukiranuka bidutera ibyishimo, ni uko bigaragaza ko turi Abakristo b’ukuri biyeguriye Imana. Intumwa Pawulo yaranditse ati “abashaka kujya bubaha Imana bose bari muri Kristo Yesu, bazarenganywa” (2 Timoteyo 3:12). Tugira ibyishimo  bitagereranywa iyo dutekereje ko iyo dukomeje gushikama mu bigeragezo, bitanga ikindi gisubizo ku birego bya Satani wihandagaje avuga ko ibiremwa bya Yehova byose bimukorera kubera ko byivaniramo inyungu (Yobu 1:9-11; 2:3, 4). Twishimira ko tugira uruhare, n’ubwo rwaba ruto bwose, mu gushyigikira ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova bukiranuka.—Imigani 27:11.

Mwishime kuko muzahabwa ingororano

15, 16. (a) Ni iyihe mpamvu Yesu yaduhaye yo ‘kunezerwa, tukishima cyane’? (b) Ni iyihe ngororano Abakristo basizwe babikiwe mu ijuru, kandi se ni gute bagenzi babo bagize “izindi ntama” na bo bazagororerwa?

¹⁵ Yesu yatanze indi mpamvu yo kwishimira ko baduharabika kandi bakadutoteza nk’uko bagenje abahanuzi ba kera. Igihe yasozaga impamvu ya cyenda yo kugira ibyishimo, yagize ati “muzanezerwe, muzishime cyane kuko ingororano yanyu ari nyinshi mu ijuru, kuko ari ko barenganyije abahanuzi ba mbere” (Matayo 5:12). Intumwa Pawulo yaranditse ati ‘ibihembo by’ibyaha ni urupfu, ariko impano y’Imana ni ubugingo buhoraho muri Yesu Kristo Umwami wacu’ (Abaroma 6:23). Koko rero, “ingororano” iruta izindi ni ubuzima, kandi si igihembo dushobora kuvuga ko twakoreye. Ni impano duherwa ubuntu. Yesu yavuze ko iyo ngororano iri “mu ijuru” kubera ko ituruka kuri Yehova.

¹⁶ Abasizwe bahabwa “ikamba ry’ubugingo,” ni ukuvuga ko bo bazahabwa ubuzima budapfa mu ijuru bari kumwe na Kristo (Yakobo 1:12, 17). Naho abafite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba ku isi, ni ukuvuga abagize “izindi ntama,” bategerezanyije amatsiko kuzahabwa ubuzima bw’iteka mu isi izahinduka paradizo (Yohana 10:16; Ibyahishuwe 21:3-5). Abagize ayo matsinda yombi, ntibabona iyo ‘ngororano’ kuko bayikoreye. Baba abasizwe cyangwa abagize “izindi ntama” bahabwa ingororano yabo bitewe n’uko Yehova abagirira “ubuntu” butagira akagero, ari na byo byatumye intumwa Pawulo yandika ati “Imana ishimirwe impano yayo nziza itarondoreka.”—2 Abakorinto 9:14, 15.

17. Kuki dushobora kwishima kandi ‘tukanezerwa’ iyo dutotejwe?

 ¹⁷ Intumwa Pawulo yandikiye Abakristo, bamwe muri bo bakaba bari bagiye kuzatotezwa nabi cyane n’Umwami w’abami Nero, ati “twishimire mu makuba yacu, kuko tuzi yuko amakuba atera kwihangana, kandi kwihangana kugatera kunesha ibitugerageza, uko kunesha kugatera ibyiringiro. Bene ibyo byiringiro ntibikoza isoni.” Nanone yagize ati “mwishime mufite ibyiringiro mwihanganira amakuba” (Abaroma 5:3-5; 12:12). Twaba dufite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba mu ijuru cyangwa byo kuzaba ku isi, ingororano duhabwa kubera ko twihanganira ibigeragezo mu budahemuka, irakomeye kuruta ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose dukwiriye guhabwa. Ibyishimo duterwa no kuba twiringiye ko tuzabaho iteka dukorera Data wuje urukundo Yehova kandi tumusingiza tuyobowe n’Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo, ntibigira akagero. ‘Turanezerewe’ rwose!

18. Ni iki dushobora kwitega ko amahanga azakora igihe tugenda twegereza iherezo, kandi ni iki Yehova azakora?

¹⁸ Mu bihugu bimwe, Abahamya ba Yehova bagiye batotezwa n’ubu bagitotezwa. Igihe Yesu yahanuraga ibizaba mu minsi y’imperuka, yaburiye Abakristo b’ukuri ati “muzangwa n’amahanga yose abahora izina ryanjye” (Matayo 24:9). Mu gihe tugenda twegereza iherezo, Satani azatuma amahanga agaragaza urwango yanga abagaragu ba Yehova (Ezekiyeli 38:10-12, 14-16). Ibyo bizagaragaza ko igihe kigeze ngo Yehova agire icyo akora. “Uko ni ko nzagaragaza icyubahiro cyanjye, kandi nzimenyekanisha imbere y’amahanga menshi, maze bamenye yuko ndi Uwiteka, [“Yehova,” NW]” (Ezekiyeli 38:23). Muri ubwo buryo, Yehova azeza izina rye rikomeye kandi arokore abagaragu be batotezwa. Ku bw’ibyo rero, “umuntu ukomeza kwihanganira ibimugerageza ni we uzagira ibyishimo.”—Yakobo 1:12, NW.

19. Mu gihe tugitegereje “umunsi w’Imana” ukomeye, ni iki twagombye gukora?

¹⁹ Uko “umunsi w’Imana” ukomeye ugenda wegereza, nimucyo twishimire ‘ko twemererwa gukorwa n’isoni baduhora’ izina rya Yesu (2 Petero 3:10-13; Ibyakozwe 5:41). Kimwe n’Abakristo ba mbere, nimucyo dukomeze “kwigisha no kuvuga ubutumwa bwiza bwa Yesu Kristo” no gutangaza Ubwami bwe mu gihe tugitegereje ingororano Yehova azaduha mu isi nshya ikiranuka.—Ibyakozwe 5:42; Yakobo 5:11.

Isubiramo

• Iyo umuntu arenganywa azira gukiranuka biba bishaka kuvuga iki?

• Ni izihe ngaruka ibitotezo byagize ku Bakristo ba mbere?

• Kuki dushobora kuvuga ko Abahamya ba Yehova batotezwa nk’abahanuzi ba kera?

• Kuki dushobora ‘kwishima tukanezerwa’ mu gihe dutotezwa?

[Ibibazo]

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 16 n’iya 17]

“Muzagira ibyishimo ubwo bazabatuka bakabarenganya”

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

Itsinda ryo muri gereza: Chicago Herald-American