Mwari Ane Hanya Nevanhukadzi Zvechokwadi Here?
“Chivi chakatanga nomunhukadzi, ndokusaka tose tichifa.”—BHUKU RINONZI ECCLESIASTICUS, ROMUZANA REMAKORE RECHIPIRI B.C.E.
“Ndimi makapa dhiyabhorosi mukana: ndimi makatanga kudya muti uya wakarambidzwa: ndimi makatanga kutyora mutemo waMwari . . . Ndimi makaurayisa munhu wokutanga akasikwa nomufananidzo waMwari.”—BHUKU RATERTULLIAN, RINONZI ON THE APPAREL OF WOMEN, ROMUZANA REMAKORE RECHIPIRI C.E.
NDIMA idzi dzekare hadzisi dzomuBhaibheri. Kwemakore, dzaiita kuti vanhu vasarure vanhukadzi. Nanhasi vamwe vachiri kushandisa magwaro aya ezvitendero kuti vadzvinyirire vanhukadzi, vachivati ndivo honzeri dzematambudziko evanhu. Kuzvidzwa uye kushungurudzwa kuri kuitwa vanhukadzi ndicho chaiva chinangwa chaMwari zvechokwadi here? Ngationei kuti Bhaibheri rinoti kudii?
Vakadzi vakatukwa naMwari here?
Aiwa. Asi “nyoka yepakutanga, iyo inonzi Dhiyabhorosi,” ndiyo ‘yakatukwa’ naMwari. (Zvakazarurwa 12:9; Genesisi 3:14) Mwari paakataura kuti Adhamu ‘aizotonga’ mudzimai wake, akanga asiri kupa varume mvumo yokudzvinyirira vanhukadzi. (Genesisi 3:16) Akanga ari kungofanotaura zvinhu zvinorwadza zvaizovapo nemhaka yokutadza kwomurume nomudzimai vokutanga.
Saka kudzvinyirirwa kwevanhukadzi hakusi kuda kwaMwari asi kunokonzerwa nokuti vanhu vane chivi. Bhaibheri haritsigiri kuti vanhukadzi vadzvinyirirwe nevarume kuti vabhadhare chivi chavakakonzera pakutanga.—VaRoma 5:12.
Mwari akasika munhukadzi akaderera pane munhurume here?
Aiwa. Genesisi 1:27 inoti: “Mwari akatanga kusika munhu nomufananidzo wake, akamusika nomufananidzo waMwari; akavasika munhurume nomunhukadzi.” Saka kubvira pakutanga, vanhurume nevanhukadzi vakasikwa vachikwanisa kutevedzera unhu hwaMwari. Kunyange zvazvo Adhamu naEvha vaiva nemiviri uye mafungiro zvakasiyana, Musiki wavo akavapa mirayiridzo nekodzero zvakafanana.—Genesisi 1:28-31.
Evha asati asikwa, Mwari akati: “[Adhamu] ndichamuitira mubatsiri, kuti ave mukwanisi wake.” (Genesisi 2:18) Shoko rokuti “mukwanisi” rinoreva here kuti mukadzi akaderera pamurume? Aiwa, nokuti shoko iri rechiHebheru rinogonawo kushandurwa kuti “shamwari” kana kuti “mubatsiri akaenzana” nemurume. Funga nezvekubatsirana kunoita chiremba anovhiya nemukoti anokotsirisa pavanenge vachivhiya munhu. Zvingaita here kuti mumwe ashande mumwe asipo? Aiwa. Kunyange zvazvo chiremba ari iye anovhiya, tingati here ndiye anonyanya kukosha? Hatingadaro. Saizvozvowo, Mwari akasika murume nomukadzi vokutanga kuti vashande pamwe chete, kwete kuti vakwikwidzane.—Genesisi 2:24.
Chii chinoratidza kuti Mwari ane hanya nevanhukadzi?
Mwari akataura chido chake chokudzivirira vanhukadzi nokuti akagara aona zvaizoita vanhu vane chivi. Achitaura nezvebumbiro roMutemo waMosesi, rakadzikwa muzana remakore rechi16 B.C.E., mumwe munyori anonzi Laure Aynard akanyora mubhuku rake rinonzi La Bible au féminin (The Bible in the Feminine Gender) kuti: “Kazhinji sungano yoMutemo painotaura nezvemukadzi, inenge ichimudzivirira.”
Somuenzaniso, Mutemo waiti munhu anofanira kuremekedza baba naamai. (Eksodho 20:12; 21:15, 17) Waitiwo varume vanofanira kungwarira kuti vasakuvadza mudzimai ane pamuviri. (Eksodho 21:22) Mitemo yaMwari iyoyo inodzivirira vakadzi chaizvo kupfuura mitemo iri munyika dzakawanda mazuva ano inovadzvinyirira. Asi pane zvimwe zvakawanda zvinoratidza kuti Mwari ane hanya nevanhukadzi.
Mutemo Unoratidza Maonerwo Anoitwa Vanhukadzi naMwari
Mutemo wakapiwa rudzi rwaIsraeri naJehovha Mwari wakaita kuti vose varume nevakadzi varambe vaine tsika dzakanaka, vaine ukama hwakanaka naMwari, uye vaine utano hwakanaka. Kudai rudzi rwacho rwaizoramba ruchiteerera, rwaizova “pamusoro pemamwe marudzi ose epanyika.” (Dheuteronomio 28:1, 2) Mutemo waiti chii nezvevakadzi? Ngatimboonai zvinotevera.
1. Rusununguko. Vakadzi vechiIsraeri vaiva norusununguko chaizvo kusiyana nevakadzi vemamwe marudzi akawanda ekare. Kunyange zvazvo murume ari iye aiva musoro wemhuri, mudzimai aigona kubvumidzwa nomurume wake ‘kufunga nezvomunda outenga,’ uye ‘odyara munda wemizambiringa.’ Kana aigona kuruka nokukosa, aitogona kuva nebhizimisi rake. (Zvirevo 31:11, 16-19) Vanhu vaichengeta Mutemo waMosesi vaiona vakadzi sevanhu vane kodzero dzavo kwete sevanhu vanongomiririrwa nevarume.
MuIsraeri yekare, mukadzi mumwe nomumwe aigona kuva noukama naMwari. Bhaibheri rinotaura nezvaHana, uyo akanyengetera kuna Mwari nezvenyaya yaimunetsa achibva apika mhiko chinyararire. (1 Samueri 1:11, 24-28) Mumwe mukadzi wokuguta reShunemi aiwanzotaura nomuprofita Erisha pamazuva eSabata. (2 Madzimambo 4:22-25) Vakadzi vakaita saDhibhora naHuridha vakashandiswa naMwari sevamiririri vake. Varume vakakurumbira nevapristi vaitokumbira mazano kwavari.—Vatongi 4:4-8; 2 Madzimambo 22:14-16, 20.
2. Kuwana dzidzo. Sezvo vakadzi vaivawo musungano yoMutemo, vainzi vauye kuzoteerera Mutemo uchiverengwa, izvo zvaivapa mukana wokudzidza. (Dheuteronomio 31:12; Nehemiya 8:2, 8) Vaigonawo kudzidziswa kuita mamwe mabasa ane chokuita nokunamata. Somuenzaniso, vamwe vakadzi vangangodaro vaiita “basa rakarongwa” patebhenekeri, vamwe vari mukwaya vachiimba pamwe chete nevarume.—Eksodho 38:8; 1 Makoronike 25:5, 6.
Vakadzi vakawanda vaiva neruzivo uye unyanzvi zvokuti vaigona kuva nemabhizimisi avo. (Zvirevo 31:24) Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi aiti baba chete ndivo vaidzidzisa vanakomana, amai vechiIsraeri vaifanira kudzidzisawo vana vavo vakomana kusvikira vayaruka. (Zvirevo 31:1) Zviri pachena kuti vakadzi vechiIsraeri vakanga vakadzidza chaizvo.
3. Kukudzwa uye kuremekedzwa. Mitemo Gumi yainyatsotaura zvakajeka kuti: “Kudza baba vako naamai vako.” (Eksodho 20:12) Chimwe chezvirevo zvaMambo akachenjera Soromoni chinoti: “Mwanakomana wangu, teerera kuranga kwababa vako, uye usasiya mutemo waamai vako.”—Zvirevo 1:8.
Mutemo waiva nemirayiro yainyatsodonongodza kuti varume vaifanira kubata sei vanhukadzi vavasina kuroorana navo vachiratidza kuti vaivaremekedza. (Revhitiko 18:6, 9; Dheuteronomio 22:25, 26) Murume akanaka aifanira kunzwisisa kuti mudzimai wake ane zvaaisakwanisa kuita uye aifanira kumunzwisisa panguva yokutevera.—Revhitiko 18:19.
4. Kodzero dzaifanira kudzivirirwa. MuShoko rake, Jehovha anoratidza kuti ndi“baba venherera nomutongi wechirikadzi.” Izvi zvinoreva kuti ndiye aiva Mudziviriri wevaya vaisava nababa kana kuti nemurume anodzivirira kodzero dzavo. (Pisarema 68:5; Dheuteronomio 10:17, 18) Saka imwe chirikadzi yomuprofita payakaitirwa zvisina kunaka nomumwe aikweretesa, Jehovha akapindira akaita chishamiso chakaita kuti iwane chouviri uye isabviswa chimiro.—2 Madzimambo 4:1-7.
VaIsraeri vasati vapinda muNyika Yakapikirwa, Zerofehadhi akafa asina mwanakomana. Saka vanasikana vake vashanu vakakumbira Mosesi kuti avape “nhaka” muNyika Yakapikirwa. Jehovha akatovapa nezvimwe zvavakanga vasina kukumbira. Akaudza Mosesi kuti: “Unotofanira kuvapa nhaka pakati pehama dzababa vavo, uye unofanira kuita kuti vagare nhaka yababa vavo.” Kubva panguva iyoyo, vanhukadzi muIsraeri vakanga vava kukwanisa kugara nhaka yemadzibaba avo uye kuipawo vana vavo.—Numeri 27:1-8.
Kudzidzisa Nhema Nezvemaonerwo Anoitwa Vanhukadzi naMwari
Mutemo waMosesi waiti vakadzi vakudzwe, uye kodzero dzavo dziremekedzwe. Asi kubvira muzana remakore rechina B.C.E., chiJudha chakatanga kuvhiringidzwa netsika dzechiGiriki dzaitarisira vanhukadzi pasi.—Ona bhokisi rakanzi “Kusarurwa Kwaiitwa Vanhukadzi Muzvinyorwa Zvekare.”
Somuenzaniso, mudetembi wechiGiriki anonzi Hesiod (womuzana remakore rechisere B.C.E.) akati vanhukadzi ndivo vakakonzera zvakaipa zvose. Mune imwe yenhetembo dzake, akataura “nezverudzi rwakaipa uye dzinza revanhukadzi vanogara nevanhurume vachivatambudza.” Pfungwa iyi yakazokurumbira muchiJudha muzana remakore rechipiri B.C.E. Bhuku rinonzi Talmud, rakanyorwa muzana remakore rechipiri C.E., rakanyevera vanhurume kuti: “Musanyanya kutaura nevanhukadzi, nokuti munozoguma maita unzenza chete.”
Mumazana emakore akapfuura, kutadza kuvimba nevanhukadzi uku kwakaita kuti vaJudha vasaona zvakanaka basa revanhukadzi. Pakazosvika nguva yaJesu, patemberi vakadzi vaingobvumidzwa kusvika paChivanze Chevakadzi chete. Varume chete ndivo vaidzidziswa zvechitendero, uye vakadzi vangangodaro vaiparadzaniswa nevarume mumasinagogi. Bhuku rinonzi Talmud rinoti mumwe mudzidzisi wechitendero akati: “Munhu wose anodzidzisa mwanasikana wake Torah [Mutemo] anomudzidzisa zvinhu zvinonyadzisa.” Vatungamiriri vechitendero chechiJudha vakaita kuti vanhurume vakawanda vazvidze vanhukadzi, kunyange zvazvo akanga asiriwo maonero aMwari.
Jesu paaiva pasi pano akacherechedza kusarura kwakadaro, kwaikonzerwa netsika dzavo. (Mateu 15:6, 9; 26:7-11) Dzidziso dzakadaro dzakavhiringidza mabatiro aaiita vanhukadzi here? Tingadzidzei pane zvaaiita uye pamaonero ake? ChiKristu chechokwadi chakasunungura vanhukadzi here? Nyaya inotevera ichapindura mibvunzo iyoyo.