Ingabe INguqulo Yezwe Elisha Inembile?
Ingxenye yokuqala ye-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha yakhishwa ngo-1950. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, abanye abantu baye baphawula noma bangabaza ukunemba kwe-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha a ngoba kwezinye izindawo ihlukile kwezinye izinguqulo zeBhayibheli. Izizathu zalo mehluko zivame ukuba okunye kwalokhu okulandelayo.
Inokwethenjelwa. INguqulo Yezwe Elisha isekelwe ocwaningweni lwezazi lwakamuva nasemibhalweni yesandla yasendulo enokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-King James Version yango-1611 yayisekelwe emibhalweni yesandla eyayinganembile ezindaweni eziningana futhi ingemidala njengaleyo eyasetshenziswa lapho kuhunyushwa INguqulo Yezwe Elisha.
Ithembekile. INguqulo Yezwe Elisha ilwela ukuwudlulisela ngokwethembeka umyalezo owaphefumulelwa uNkulunkulu ekuqaleni. (2 Thimothewu 3:16) Abahumushi abaningi beBhayibheli balandela amasiko abantu kunokwethembeka emyalezweni kaNkulunkulu, njengokukhipha igama likaNkulunkulu, elithi Jehova, bafake iziqu ezinjengokuthi Nkosi noma Nkulunkulu.
Ihumusha izwi nezwi. Ngokungefani nezinguqulo ezihumusha zinganamatheli kokubhaliwe njengoba kunjalo, INguqulo Yezwe Elisha ihumusha izwi nezwi, uma nje lokho kuzozwakala kahle futhi kuveze umqondo osemibhalweni yokuqala. Izinguqulo ezinganamatheli emibhalweni yeBhayibheli yokuqala zingase zifake imibono yabantu noma zikhiphe imininingwane ebalulekile.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha nezinye izinguqulo
Izincwadi ezingekho. AmaBhayibheli esonto lamaRoma Katolika nelobu-Orthodox laseMpumalanga anezincwadi okuthiwa eze-Apocrypha. Kodwa lezo zincwadi azizange zifakwe ezincwadini zamaJuda futhi kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iBhayibheli lithi amaJuda yiwona ‘ayephathiswe amazwi angcwele kaNkulunkulu.’ (Roma 3:1, 2) Ngakho, INguqulo Yezwe Elisha nezinye izinguqulo eziningi zanamuhla zizikhipha kufanele izincwadi ze-Apocrypha.
Amavesi angekho. Ezinye izinguqulo zifaka amavesi namazwi angekho emibhalweni yesandla yeBhayibheli emidala etholakalayo, kodwa INguqulo Yezwe Elisha ayiwafaki amavesi anjalo anezelwe. Izinguqulo eziningi zanamuhla nazo ziyawakhipha la mavesi futhi ziyaqaphela ukuthi imithombo eyamukelwayo ayiwasekeli. b
Amazwi abekwe ngendlela ehlukile. Ngezikhathi ezithile, izinguqulo ezihumusha izwi nezwi azizwakali kahle futhi zidlulisela incazelo eyiphutha. Ngokwesibonelo, amazwi kaJesu akuMathewu 5:3 avame ukuhunyushwa ngokuthi: “Babusisiwe abampofu emoyeni.” (English Standard Version; King James Version; New International Version) Abaningi bayithola ingaqondakali le nkulumo ethi “abampofu emoyeni” ehunyushwe ngokwezwi nezwi, kuyilapho abanye becabanga ukuthi uJesu wayeveza ukubaluleka kokuthobeka noma kokuhlupheka. Nokho, iphuzu likaJesu laliwukuthi injabulo yangempela itholakala ngokuqaphela ukuthi sidinga isiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu. INguqulo Yezwe Elisha ikuveza ngokunembile lokho ayekusho ngokuhumusha le nkulumo ngokuthi “labo abaqaphela isidingo sabo esingokomoya.”—Mathewu 5:3. c
Ukukhulumela okuhle okuvela ezazini ezingebona oFakazi mayelana nge-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha
Encwadini ka-December 8, 1950, u-Edgar J. Goodspeed ongumhumushi nesazi seBhayibheli esidumile, wabhala lokhu ngokuphathelene ne-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha YemiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki: “Nginesithakazelo enkonzweni eyenziwa abantu benu, nokusabalala kwayo emhlabeni wonke, futhi ngiyithande kakhulu inguqulo yamahhala, ezwakalayo, eqondile necacile. Inikeza ulwazi olunzulu nolunengqondo.”
UProfesa Allen Wikgren waseNyuvesi yaseChicago wabhekisela kuyi-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha njengesibonelo senguqulo yolimi olukhulunywa namhlanje “enemibhalo yokuqala ezimele” kunokuba isuselwe kwezinye izinguqulo.—I-The Interpreter’s Bible, uMqulu I, ikhasi 99.
Ephawula nge-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha YemiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki, u-Alexander Thomson waseBrithani ongumgxeki weBhayibheli wabhala: “Kuyacaca ukuthi le nguqulo iwumsebenzi wezazi ezinekhono nezihlakaniphile, eziye zalwela ukuveza umqondo wangempela wemibhalo yesiGreki ngezinga ulimi lwesiNgisi olungakwazi ukuwuveza ngalo.”—I-The Differentiator, ka-April 1952, ikhasi 52.
Naphezu kokuqaphela amazwi athile ayenomuzwa wokuthi abekwe ngendlela engajwayelekile, umbhali uCharles Francis Potter wathi: “Laba bahumushi abangashiwongo ngamagama bakhiphe inguqulo engcono kunazo zonke yesiGreki nesiHebheru, futhi lokhu bakwenze ngobuciko nangokuhlakanipha kongqondongqondo.”—I-The Faiths Men Live By, ikhasi 300.
Nakuba uRobert M. McCoy aba nomuzwa wokuthi INguqulo Yezwe Elisha inezinto eziyinqaba kanye nezinhle kakhulu, waphetha ngokuthi: “Inguqulo yeTestamente Elisha iwubufakazi bokuthi leli sonto [oFakazi BakaJehova] linezifundiswa ezinamakhono okuxazulula ngobuciko izinkinga eziningi eziba khona lapho kuhunyushwa iBhayibheli.”—I-Andover Newton Quarterly, ka-January 1963, ikhasi 31.
Nakuba uProfesa S. MacLean Gilmour engavumelani nezinye ezinto ezibhalwe kuyi-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha, kodwa uyavuma ukuthi abahumushi bayo “babenolwazi oluhle kakhulu lwesiGreki.”—I-Andover Newton Quarterly, September 1966, ikhasi 26.
Embikweni wakhe wokucubungula INguqulo Yezwe Elisha eyakha ingxenye ye-Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures, uProfesa Thomas N. Winter wabhala: “Umsebenzi wokuhumusha owenziwe yile komiti engaziwa kuhambisana ngqo nesikhathi futhi kunembile.”—I-The Classical Journal, ka-April kuya ku-May 1974, ikhasi 376.
Ngo-1989, uProfesa Benjamin Kedar, oyisazi esingumHebheru sase-Israel, wathi: “Lapho ngicwaninga izilimi ngokuphathelene neBhayibheli lesiHebheru nezinguqulo zalo, ngokuvamile ngibheka uhlelo lwesiNgisi lwalokho okuthiwa INguqulo Yezwe Elisha. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ngithola umuzwa wami uqinisekiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuthi le nguqulo ibonisa umzamo oqotho wokufinyelela ukuqondwa kwemibhalo okunembe ngangokunokwenzeka.”
Ngokwalokho akusho ekuhlaziyeni kwakhe izinguqulo ezingu-9 ezinkulu zesiNgisi, uJason David BeDuhn, uprofesa wezifundo zenkolo, wabhala: “I-NW [INguqulo Yezwe Elisha] ibonakala inembe kunazo zonke ezinye izinguqulo.” Nakuba umphakathi nezazi eziningi zeBhayibheli zicabanga ukuthi umehluko nge-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha ubangelwa ukuthi abahumushi bale nguqulo babethonywe kakhulu izinkolelo zabo, uBeDuhn wathi: “Umehluko omkhulu ubangelwa ukunemba kwe-NW njengenguqulo ehunyushwe ngokwezwi nezwi futhi engachezuki kulokho okwakulotshwe abalobi beTestamente Elisha ekuqaleni.”—I-Truth in Translation, amakhasi 163, 165.
a Okuphawulwe abantu kubhekisela ezinhlelweni ze-Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha zangaphambi kwenguqulo ebuyekeziwe ka-2013.
b Ngokwesibonelo, bheka i-New International Version ne-New Jerusalem Bible yamaKatolika. Amavesi afakelwe akuMathewu 17:21; 18:11; 23:14; Marku 7:16; 9:44, 46; 11:26; 15:28; Luka 17:36; 23:17; Johane 5:4; IzEnzo 8:37; 15:34; 24:7; 28:29; neyabaseRoma 16:24. I-King James Version ne-Douay-Rheims Version inevesi elikhuluma ngoZiqu-zintathu kweyoku-1 Johane 5:7, 8, elanezelwa ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka iBhayibheli lalotshwa.
c Ngokufanayo, inguqulo kaJ. B. Phillips ihumusha amazwi kaJesu ngokuthi “labo abaziyo ukuthi bayamdinga uNkulunkulu,” kanti i-The Translator’s New Testament isebenzisa amazwi athi “labo abasaziyo isidingo sabo esingokomoya.”